Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune-mediated chronic intestinal condition. Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) are the two major types of IBD. Ulcerative colitis. This condition involves inflammation and ulcers along the superficial lining of large intestine (colon) and rectum. Crohn’s disease. This type of IBD is characterized by inflammation of the lining